{"id":8668,"date":"2024-01-06T06:32:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-06T05:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/tenmoku\/"},"modified":"2024-03-30T22:32:35","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T21:32:35","slug":"tenmoku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/tenmoku\/","title":{"rendered":"Tenmoku: A cer\u00e2mica m\u00e1gica de origem oriental"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-a0f6033d alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\"><h1 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-post-title\">Tenmoku: A cer\u00e2mica m\u00e1gica de origem oriental<\/h1>\n\n<div class=\"ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ast-breadcrumbs-inner\"><nav aria-label=\"breadcrumbs\" class=\"rank-math-breadcrumb\"><p><span class=\"last\">Home<\/span><\/p><\/nav><\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-1a3fd30a\"><figure style=\"margin-top:0px;\" class=\"wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku.webp\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"cuenco esmalte tenmoku\" style=\"border-radius:8px;object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab uagb-block-014bacc8 default uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-d7e560ca\"><div style=\"padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px; font-size:16px;\" class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-post-author-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/author\/alfred\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name__link\">Alfred Guinaroan<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-66595dbf\"><div style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0px; font-size:14px;\" class=\"has-text-align-left has-text-color has-black-color wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2024-01-06T06:32:00+01:00\">6 de Janeiro de 2024<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-abe61198\"><div style=\"margin-bottom:0px;font-size:16px\" class=\"taxonomy-category has-text-align-left wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/ceramica-japao\/\" rel=\"tag\">Cer\u00e2mica japonesa<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uag-hide-mob uagb-block-d986af94 default uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-e92e640c\"><div style=\"padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-right:0px; font-size:16px;\" class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-post-author-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/author\/alfred\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name__link\">Alfred Guinaroan<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-2785ec6e\"><div style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0px; font-size:14px;\" class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-black-color wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2024-01-06T06:32:00+01:00\">6 de Janeiro de 2024<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-e6786de8\"><div style=\"margin-bottom:0px;font-size:16px\" class=\"taxonomy-category has-text-align-left wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/ceramica-japao\/\" rel=\"tag\">Cer\u00e2mica japonesa<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>O Tenmoku, origin\u00e1rio da China nos s\u00e9culos X-XIII, \u00e9 uma t\u00e9cnica cer\u00e2mica conhecida pelos seus vidrados a alta temperatura. Produz acabamentos iridescentes em cores escuras, como o castanho e o preto, e efeitos visuais \u00fanicos, sendo muito apreciada no Jap\u00e3o, especialmente nos artigos de cerim\u00f3nia do ch\u00e1, e no resto do mundo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-e0cba37e default uagb-is-root-container\">\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents uagb-toc__align-left uagb-toc__columns-1 uagb-toc__collapse uagb-block-9e569b1d     \"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-scroll= \"1\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-offset= \"30\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u00cdndice\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox= \"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__list-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#tenmoku-um-esmalte-cobi\u00e7ado\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Tenmoku: um esmalte cobi\u00e7ado<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#hist\u00f3ria-da-cer\u00e2mica-tenmoku\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Hist\u00f3ria da cer\u00e2mica tenmoku<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#a-chegada-da-cer\u00e2mica-tenmoku-ao-jap\u00e3o\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">A chegada da cer\u00e2mica tenmoku ao Jap\u00e3o<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#as-melhores-obras-de-cer\u00e2mica-japonesa\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">As melhores obras de cer\u00e2mica japonesa<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#evolu\u00e7\u00e3o-e-populariza\u00e7\u00e3o-no-ocidente\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Evolu\u00e7\u00e3o e populariza\u00e7\u00e3o no Ocidente<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#processo-de-cria\u00e7\u00e3o-do-tenmoku\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Processo de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do Tenmoku<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#mat\u00e9rias-primas-utilizadas-no-seu-fabrico\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Mat\u00e9rias-primas utilizadas no seu fabrico<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#t\u00e9cnicas-de-cozedura-utilizadas-na-cer\u00e2mica-tenmoku\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">T\u00e9cnicas de cozedura utilizadas na cer\u00e2mica tenmoku<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#o-papel-do-\u00f3xido-de-ferro-na-cria\u00e7\u00e3o-da-cor-preta\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">O papel do \u00f3xido de ferro na cria\u00e7\u00e3o da cor preta<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#arrefecimento-e-forma\u00e7\u00e3o-de-cristais\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Arrefecimento e forma\u00e7\u00e3o de cristais<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#a-cer\u00e2mica-tenmoku-na-cerim\u00f3nia-do-ch\u00e1\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">A cer\u00e2mica Tenmoku na cerim\u00f3nia do ch\u00e1<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#obras-e-artistas-contempor\u00e2neos-que-trabalham-com-tenmoku\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Obras e artistas contempor\u00e2neos que trabalham com tenmoku<\/a><\/ul><\/ul><\/ul><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Tenmoku: um esmalte cobi\u00e7ado<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tenmoku \u00e9 uma t\u00e9cnica chinesa associada especificamente \u00e0 dinastia Song (960-1279). \u00c9 conhecida pelos seus esmaltes de alta temperatura que variam de cor, normalmente entre castanhos escuros, pretos e, por vezes, com laivos de azul ou verde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O que realmente distingue as pe\u00e7as tenmoku \u00e9 o seu acabamento iridescente e os efeitos visuais que parecem capturar gal\u00e1xias em miniatura dentro da cer\u00e2mica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uma carater\u00edstica distintiva do tenmoku \u00e9 o seu brilho e as varia\u00e7\u00f5es na superf\u00edcie do vidrado. Estas varia\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o o resultado da composi\u00e7\u00e3o cuidadosa do vidrado e das condi\u00e7\u00f5es atmosf\u00e9ricas espec\u00edficas no interior do forno durante a cozedura. Os efeitos mais populares nas pe\u00e7as tenmoku incluem formas semelhantes a olhos, da\u00ed as alcunhas de alguns efeitos como &#8220;olho de coelho&#8221; e &#8220;olho de fais\u00e3o&#8221;, que s\u00e3o padr\u00f5es circulares ou manchas que emergem na superf\u00edcie do vidrado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Hist\u00f3ria da cer\u00e2mica tenmoku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>O Tenmoku tem as suas ra\u00edzes na cer\u00e2mica chinesa da dinastia Song (960-1279), onde foi inicialmente desenvolvido para ta\u00e7as de ch\u00e1. O seu nome deriva da montanha Tienmu, local de inspira\u00e7\u00e3o para estes vidrados. Este estilo \u00e9 conhecido pelo seu brilho e varia\u00e7\u00f5es de cores escuras, principalmente castanhos e pretos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">A chegada da cer\u00e2mica tenmoku ao Jap\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A cer\u00e2mica tenmoku chegou ao Jap\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s do com\u00e9rcio e das rotas mar\u00edtimas durante os s\u00e9culos XII e XIII. Foi durante o per\u00edodo da cultura Zen que as tigelas tenmoku se tornaram elementos essenciais na cerim\u00f3nia do ch\u00e1 japonesa. Estas tigelas eram consideradas objectos preciosos e veneradas pela sua beleza e simplicidade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Por fim, tornou-se popular em todo o territ\u00f3rio e a t\u00e9cnica foi dominada em muitas oficinas de cer\u00e2mica do Jap\u00e3o, adaptando-se \u00e0 sua cultura e evoluindo para formas locais. Ao longo dos s\u00e9culos, o tenmoku continuou a ser uma forma de arte apreciada, atraindo tanto oleiros como coleccionadores pela sua beleza \u00fanica e significado hist\u00f3rico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-612bfdef alignwide uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-4af27e67\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">As melhores obras de cer\u00e2mica japonesa<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-buttons uagb-buttons__outer-wrap uagb-btn__default-btn uagb-btn-tablet__default-btn uagb-btn-mobile__default-btn uagb-block-dbe69868\"><div class=\"uagb-buttons__wrap uagb-buttons-layout-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-buttons-child uagb-buttons__outer-wrap uagb-block-327bb555 wp-block-button\"><div class=\"uagb-button__wrapper\"><a class=\"uagb-buttons-repeater wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/tidd.ly\/48HBMBr\" onclick=\"return true;\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><div class=\"uagb-button__link\">Ver en tienda<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Evolu\u00e7\u00e3o e populariza\u00e7\u00e3o no Ocidente<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ao longo do s\u00e9culo XX, a cer\u00e2mica tenmoku tornou-se popular no Ocidente gra\u00e7as \u00e0 influ\u00eancia do movimento est\u00e9tico japon\u00eas conhecido como &#8220;Japonismo&#8221;. Os artistas e ceramistas ocidentais come\u00e7aram a adotar as suas t\u00e9cnicas e estilos, criando pe\u00e7as \u00fanicas que fundiam a tradi\u00e7\u00e3o oriental com as suas pr\u00f3prias influ\u00eancias art\u00edsticas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Processo de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do Tenmoku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Este tipo de cer\u00e2mica \u00e9 apreciado pela sua beleza e singularidade. Nesta sec\u00e7\u00e3o, vamos explorar o fascinante processo da sua cria\u00e7\u00e3o, desde as mat\u00e9rias-primas utilizadas at\u00e9 ao arrefecimento e forma\u00e7\u00e3o de cristais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Mat\u00e9rias-primas utilizadas no seu fabrico<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Para criar a cer\u00e2mica tenmoku, s\u00e3o utilizadas v\u00e1rias mat\u00e9rias-primas de qualidade. Estas incluem argila, feldspato e quartzo, que s\u00e3o combinados em propor\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas. Estes ingredientes proporcionam a textura e a resist\u00eancia necess\u00e1rias para a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de pe\u00e7as duradouras e bonitas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">T\u00e9cnicas de cozedura utilizadas na cer\u00e2mica tenmoku<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>O processo de cozedura \u00e9 crucial na sua cria\u00e7\u00e3o. S\u00e3o utilizadas t\u00e9cnicas de cozedura a altas temperaturas, que chegam a atingir os 1300\u00baC no forno. Este processo particular de cozedura permite que os minerais presentes no barro se fundam, gerando as cores e os efeitos caracter\u00edsticos destas pe\u00e7as t\u00e3o especiais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">O papel do \u00f3xido de ferro na cria\u00e7\u00e3o da cor preta<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>O \u00f3xido de ferro desempenha um papel fundamental na cria\u00e7\u00e3o da cor negra carater\u00edstica do tenmoku. Durante a cozedura, este composto reage com os minerais presentes na argila, criando os tons profundos e escuros que caracterizam o tenmoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A quantidade de ferro utilizada pode variar em fun\u00e7\u00e3o do resultado pretendido, mas situa-se geralmente entre 8% e 12%. Esta quantidade espec\u00edfica, combinada com as condi\u00e7\u00f5es de cozedura controladas, contribui para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o da cor preta profunda e dos efeitos crepitantes t\u00e3o apreciados nesta cer\u00e2mica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-a94518f5 default uagb-is-root-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image aligncenter uagb-block-4b991ed9 wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-center is-style-default\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Cuenco-Tianmu-Tenmoku.webp ,https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Cuenco-Tianmu-Tenmoku.webp 780w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Cuenco-Tianmu-Tenmoku.webp 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 150px\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Cuenco-Tianmu-Tenmoku.webp\" alt=\"Tianmu-Tenmoku-Bowl\" class=\"uag-image-6424\" width=\"1082\" height=\"679\" title=\"\" loading=\"lazy\"><figcaption class=\"uagb-image-caption\">Ta\u00e7a de ch\u00e1 Jianzhan. <br>Esta obra e a que aparece na capa deste artigo s\u00e3o da autoria de ClayHeatSerendipity<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-font-size\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/tidd.ly\/48CRJso\" style=\"border-radius:8px\" rel=\"nofollow noopener sponsored\" target=\"_blank\">Ver mais<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Arrefecimento e forma\u00e7\u00e3o de cristais<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ap\u00f3s a cozedura, cada pe\u00e7a \u00e9 submetida a um processo de arrefecimento controlado. Durante este per\u00edodo, come\u00e7am a formar-se cristais na superf\u00edcie, criando padr\u00f5es subtis e belos. Factores como o tempo de arrefecimento e a composi\u00e7\u00e3o do barro influenciam a forma\u00e7\u00e3o destes cristais e o aspeto final da loi\u00e7a tenmoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">A cer\u00e2mica Tenmoku na cerim\u00f3nia do ch\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Estas obras desempenham um papel importante na tradi\u00e7\u00e3o japonesa do ch\u00e1. A sua presen\u00e7a nesta antiga cerim\u00f3nia reflecte a estreita rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a arte da cer\u00e2mica e a aprecia\u00e7\u00e3o do ch\u00e1 como uma experi\u00eancia espiritual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na cerim\u00f3nia do ch\u00e1, a escolha cuidadosa da ta\u00e7a \u00e9 fundamental. Os japoneses consideram que a ta\u00e7a de ch\u00e1 \u00e9 mais do que um simples recipiente, \u00e9 uma pe\u00e7a de arte que simboliza a harmonia com a natureza e a consci\u00eancia do presente. A cer\u00e2mica Tenmoku, com a sua beleza \u00fanica e a sua capacidade de real\u00e7ar o sabor e a fragr\u00e2ncia do ch\u00e1, ganhou um lugar de destaque nesta cerim\u00f3nia ancestral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As ta\u00e7as tenmoku Jianzhan s\u00e3o consideradas verdadeiras obras-primas. Estas pe\u00e7as, tamb\u00e9m conhecidas como &#8220;ta\u00e7as de ch\u00e1&#8221;, distinguem-se pelo seu design elegante e pela delicadeza dos seus pormenores. Meticulosamente trabalhadas, estas ta\u00e7as jianzhan s\u00e3o apreciadas tanto pela sua est\u00e9tica como pela sua funcionalidade. O seu acabamento preto profundo, em conjunto com os subtis reflexos de cristal, cria uma experi\u00eancia visual \u00fanica quando se desfruta de uma ch\u00e1vena de ch\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Um exemplo proeminente deste tipo de lou\u00e7a tenmoku \u00e9 a tigela conhecida como &#8220;gongfu&#8221;, utilizada nas cerim\u00f3nias de ch\u00e1 chinesas e japonesas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:25px\">Obras e artistas contempor\u00e2neos que trabalham com tenmoku<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Atualmente, muitos artistas e ceramistas contempor\u00e2neos continuam a explorar e a trabalhar com a cer\u00e2mica tenmoku. As suas cria\u00e7\u00f5es v\u00e3o desde pe\u00e7as tradicionais inspiradas na t\u00e9cnica antiga a obras de vanguarda que utilizam o tenmoku como base para a experimenta\u00e7\u00e3o de formas e desenhos inovadores. Entre os artistas mais not\u00e1veis neste dom\u00ednio contam-se Tetsuya Ishiyama, que combina o tenmoku com outros materiais, e Fumihiro Toda, conhecido pela sua abordagem minimalista \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de objectos de tenmoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00000029;color:#00000029\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Esperamos que tenhas gostado deste post. Ajudar-nos-\u00e1 se o partilhar nas redes sociais  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share uagb-social-share__outer-wrap uagb-social-share__layout-horizontal uagb-block-df158881\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-3cb0ad07\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"facebook\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256c0 123.8 90.69 226.4 209.3 245V327.7h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.28c-30.8 0-40.41 19.12-40.41 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V501C413.3 482.4 504 379.8 504 256z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-11ffc430\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"twitter\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 32H48C21.5 32 0 53.5 0 80v352c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h352c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V80c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48zm-48.9 158.8c.2 2.8 .2 5.7 .2 8.5 0 86.7-66 186.6-186.6 186.6-37.2 0-71.7-10.8-100.7-29.4 5.3 .6 10.4 .8 15.8 .8 30.7 0 58.9-10.4 81.4-28-28.8-.6-53-19.5-61.3-45.5 10.1 1.5 19.2 1.5 29.6-1.2-30-6.1-52.5-32.5-52.5-64.4v-.8c8.7 4.9 18.9 7.9 29.6 8.3a65.45 65.45 0 0 1 -29.2-54.6c0-12.2 3.2-23.4 8.9-33.1 32.3 39.8 80.8 65.8 135.2 68.6-9.3-44.5 24-80.6 64-80.6 18.9 0 35.9 7.9 47.9 20.7 14.8-2.8 29-8.3 41.6-15.8-4.9 15.2-15.2 28-28.8 36.1 13.2-1.4 26-5.1 37.8-10.2-8.9 13.1-20.1 24.7-32.9 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-51a018f4\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/link\/?url=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"pinterest\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M448 80v352c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H154.4c9.8-16.4 22.4-40 27.4-59.3 3-11.5 15.3-58.4 15.3-58.4 8 15.3 31.4 28.2 56.3 28.2 74.1 0 127.4-68.1 127.4-152.7 0-81.1-66.2-141.8-151.4-141.8-106 0-162.2 71.1-162.2 148.6 0 36 19.2 80.8 49.8 95.1 4.7 2.2 7.1 1.2 8.2-3.3 .8-3.4 5-20.1 6.8-27.8 .6-2.5 .3-4.6-1.7-7-10.1-12.3-18.3-34.9-18.3-56 0-54.2 41-106.6 110.9-106.6 60.3 0 102.6 41.1 102.6 99.9 0 66.4-33.5 112.4-77.2 112.4-24.1 0-42.1-19.9-36.4-44.4 6.9-29.2 20.3-60.7 20.3-81.8 0-53-75.5-45.7-75.5 25 0 21.7 7.3 36.5 7.3 36.5-31.4 132.8-36.1 134.5-29.6 192.6l2.2 .8H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V80c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h352c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-social-share-child uagb-ss-repeater uagb-ss__wrapper uagb-block-5b9fe4e2\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__link\" data-href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"linkedin\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-wrap\"><span class=\"uagb-ss__source-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00000029;color:#00000029\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Nota: Este artigo cont\u00e9m liga\u00e7\u00f5es para as lojas dos artistas noutros s\u00edtios de venda que n\u00e3o a Ceramicartis. Se efetuar uma compra nesse site, receberemos uma pequena comiss\u00e3o para nos ajudar a continuar a apoiar o site e o trabalho dos artistas. Este facto n\u00e3o aumenta o pre\u00e7o de venda do artista.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00000029;color:#00000029\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-3-color has-text-color\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Publica\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-post-grid uagb-post-grid  uagb-post__image-position-top uagb-post__image-enabled uagb-block-8ab2c527     uagb-post__items uagb-post__columns-3 is-grid uagb-post__columns-tablet-2 uagb-post__columns-mobile-1 uagb-post__equal-height\" data-total=\"24\" style=\"\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/ceramica-hagi-ware\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-inherit\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ceramica-Hagi-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Ceramica Hagi de Jap\u00f3n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ceramica-Hagi-1.webp 800w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ceramica-Hagi-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ceramica-Hagi-1-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ceramica-Hagi-1-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ceramica-Hagi-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/ceramica-hagi-ware\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Hagi ware: a joalharia japonesa em barro<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/en-iwamura\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-inherit\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Mestres-japoneses.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Mestres-japoneses.webp 600w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Mestres-japoneses-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Mestres-japoneses-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Mestres-japoneses-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/en-iwamura\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">En Iwamura: a emo\u00e7\u00e3o na cer\u00e2mica.<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"uagb-post__inner-wrap\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__image'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/ceramica-takatori-japao\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" class=\"uagb-image-ratio-inherit\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"760\" height=\"760\" src=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ceramica-takatori.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Takatori\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ceramica-takatori.webp 760w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ceramica-takatori-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ceramica-takatori-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ceramica-takatori-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"uagb-post__title uagb-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/ceramica-takatori-japao\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Artigos de Takatori: um dos artigos mais apreciados no Jap\u00e3o<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-post__text uagb-post-grid-byline'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);background-color:#00000029;color:#00000029\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O Tenmoku, origin\u00e1rio da China nos s\u00e9culos X-XIII, \u00e9 uma t\u00e9cnica cer\u00e2mica conhecida pelos seus vidrados a alta temperatura. Produz acabamentos iridescentes em cores escuras, como o castanho e o preto, e efeitos visuais \u00fanicos, sendo muito apreciada no Jap\u00e3o, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6423,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"_generate-disable-post-image":null,"rank_math_description":"","rank_math_title":"","site-post-title":"disabled","rank_math_breadcrumb_title":"Tenmoku","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku.webp",800,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku-768x768.webp",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku.webp",800,800,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku.webp",800,800,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/tenmoku.webp",800,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Alfred Guinaroan","author_link":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/author\/alfred\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"O Tenmoku, origin\u00e1rio da China nos s\u00e9culos X-XIII, \u00e9 uma t\u00e9cnica cer\u00e2mica conhecida pelos seus vidrados a alta temperatura. Produz acabamentos iridescentes em cores escuras, como o castanho e o preto, e efeitos visuais \u00fanicos, sendo muito apreciada no Jap\u00e3o, [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8668"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8668"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8668\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9219,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8668\/revisions\/9219"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6423"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicartis.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}